Toon succeeds in presenting the doctrine of the seven ecumencial councils in a way that speaks to the non-specialist. After reviewing the history of these councils, he explains teaching about the blessed Trinity, Jesus Christ, and the holy icons. He wisely points out that the conciliar teaching is not addressed, as are the gospels, to the whole person, but it is addressed "primarily to the mind" in order to be apprehended as truth.

It is good to have the Seventh Ecumenical Council (Nicea II) examined by an Anglican, especially since its reception by Western churches has been problematic. As the use of icons by Western Christians, especially Anglicans, becomes increasingly commonplace, Nicea II's teaching on icons needs to become better known. Toon is no doubt correct that the Anglican Communion "does not reject, and for all practical purposes accepts this teaching, yet it would be helpful for the Lambeth Conference to offer an explicit endorsement.

Toon's book is unfortunately marred by appendices in which both the ICET translation of the Nicene Creed and the formula "God: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit" are denounced as heretical. In neither instance is a persuasive case made for condemnation. Perhaps this otherwise useful study can appear in a new edition, one free of these appendices.

(The Very Rev.) Charles Hoffacker

Port Huron, Mich.